Indarapatra and Sulayman

Indarapatra and Sulayman

A long, long time ago, Minadanao waa covered with water, and the sea cover all the
lowlands so that nothing could be seen but the mountains jutting from it. There were many people
living in the country and all the highlands were dotted with villages and settlements. For many years
the people prospered, living in peace and contentment. Suddenly there appeared in the land four
horrible monsters which, in short time has devoured every human being they could find.
Kurita, a terrible creature with many limbs, lived partly on the land and partly on sea, but its favorite
haunt was the mountain where the rattan palm grew; and here it brought utter destruction on every
living thing. The second monster, Tarabusaw, an ugly creature in the form of a man, lived on Mt.
Matutum, and far and wide from that place he devoured the people, laying waste the land. The third,
an enormous bird called Pah, was so large that, when on the wing, it covered the sun and brought
darkness to the earth. Its egg was as large as a house. Mt. Bita was its haunt; and there the only
people who escaped its voracity were those whi hid in the mountain caves. The fourth monster was
also a dreadful bird, having seven heads and the power to see in all directions at the same time. Mt.
Gurayan was its home and like the others, it wrought havoc to its region.
So great was the death and destruction caused by these terrible creatures that at length, the news
spread even to the most distant lands - and all nations grieved to hear the sad fate of Mindanao.
Now far across the sea, in the land of the golden sunset, was a city so great that to look at its many
people would injure the eyes of men. When tidings of these great disasters reached this distant city,
the heart of King Indarapatra was filled with compassion, and he called his brother, Sulayman, and
begged hem to save the land of Mindanao from the monsters.
Sulayman listened to the story and as heard it, was moved with pity. "I will go", zeal and enthusiasm
adding to his strength, "and the land shall be avenged," said he.
King Indarapatra, proud of his brother's courage, gave him a ring and a sword as he wished him
success and safety. Then he placed a young sapling by his window and said to Sulayman "By this
tree I shall know your fate from the hour you depart from here, for if you live, it will live; but if you
die, it will die also."
So Sulayman departed for Mindanao, and he neither waded nor used a boat, but went through the air
and landed on the mountain where the rattan grew. There he stood on the summit and gazed about
on all sides. He looked on the land and the villages, but he could see no living thing. And he was
very sorrowful and cried out: "Alas, how pitiful and dreadful is this devastation."
No sooner had Sulayman uttered those words than thw whole mountain began to move and then
shook. Suddenly out of the ground came the horrible creature Kurita. It sprng at the man and sank
its claws at his flesh. But Sulayman knowing at once that this was the scourage of the land, drew his
sword and cut Kurita to pieces.
Encourage by his first success, Sulayman went on to Mt. Matutum, where conditions were even
worse. As he stood on the heights viewing the great devastation, there was a noise in the forest and
a movement in the trees. With a loud yell, Tarabusaw forth leaped. For the moment they looked at
each other, neither showing any sign of fear. Then Tarabusaw used all his powers to try to devour
Sulayman, who fought back. For a long time, the battle continued, until at last, the monster fell
exhausted to the ground and Sulayman killed him with his sword.

1

The nest place visited by Sulayman was Mt. Bita. Here havoc was present everywhere, and though
he passed by many homes, he saw that not a single soul was left. As he walked, sudden darkness
fell over the land, startling him. As he looked toward the sky he beheaded a great bird that swooped
upon him. Immediately he struck, and the bird fell dead at his feet; but the wing fell on Sulayman and
he was crushed.
Now at this very time King Indarapatra was sitting at his window, and looking out he saw the little
tree witcher and dry up.
"Alas!" he cried, "my brother is dead" and he wept bitterly.
Then although he was very sad, he was filled with a desire for revenge. Putting on his sword and
belt, he started for Mindanao, in search for his brother.
He, too, traveled through the air with great speed until he came to the mountain where the rattan
grew. There he looked about, awed at the great destruction, and when she saw the bones of Kurita he knew that his brother had been there. He went on till he came to Matutum, and when
he saw the bones of Tarabusaw, he knew that this, too, was the work of Sulayman.  Still searching for his brother, he arrived at Mt. Bita, where the dead bird lay on the ground, and when he lifted the severed wing he beheld the bones of Sulayman with his sword biy his side. His grief now so overwhelmed Indarapatra that he wept for some time. Upon looking up, he beheld a small jar of water by his side. This, he knew had been sent from the heaven, and he poured the water over the bones, and Sulayman, came to life again. They greeted each other and talked animatedly for great length of time. Sulayman declared that he had not been dead but asleep, and their hearts were full of joy.
After some time Sulayman returned his distant home, but Indarapatra continued his journey to Mt.
Gurayan where killed the dreadful bird with the seven heads. After these monsters had all been
killed, peace and safety had been restored to the land: Indarapatra began searching everywhere to
see if some of the people who hid in the earth were still alive.
One day, in the course of his search, he caugth sight of a beautiful woman at a distance. When he
hastened toward her she disappeared through a hole in the ground where she stood. Disappointed
and tried, he sat down on a rock to rest when, looking about, he saw near him a pot uncooked rice
with a big fire on the ground in front of it. This revived him and he proceeded to cook the rice. As he
did so, however, he heared someone laugh near by, and turning he beheld an old woman watching
him. As he greeted her, she drew near and talked to him while he ate the rice.
Of all the people in the land, the woman told him, only few were left, and they hid in a cave in the
ground from whence they never ventured to come out. As for herself and her old husband, she went
on, they had hidden in a hollow tree, and this they had never dared to leave until Sulayman killed the
voracious bird Pah. At Indarapatra's request, the old woman led him to one such cave. There he met the headmen with his family and some people. They all gathered about the stranger, asking many questions, for this was the first time they had heard about the death of the monsters. When they found out what
Indarapatra had done for them, the headman gave his daughter to him in marriage, and she proved
to be beauiful girl whom Indarapatra had seen at the mouth of the cave.
Then the people all came out of their hiding places and returned to their homes where they lived in
peace and happiness. And the sea withdrew from the land and gave the lowlands to the people.

LAM-ANG

BIAG NI LAM-ANG

(Life of Lam-ang) is pre-Hispanic epic poem of the Ilocano people of the Philippines.The story was handed down orally for generations before it was written down around 1640 assumedly bya blind Ilokano bard named Pedro Bucaneg.

(SUMMARY) 

Don Juan and his wife Namongan lived in Nalbuan, now part of La Union in the northern part of thePhilippines. They had a son named Lam-ang. Before Lam-ang was born, Don Juan went to the mountainsin order to punish a group of their Igorot enemies. While he was away, his son Lam-ang was born. It tookfour people to help Namongan give birth. As soon as the baby boy popped out, he spoke and asked thathe be given the name Lam-ang. He also chose his godparents and asked where his father was.After nine months of waiting for his father to return, Lam-ang decided he would go look for him.Namongan thought Lam-ang was up to the challenge but she was sad to let him go. During hisexhausting journey, he decided to rest for awhile. He fell asleep and had a dream about his father's headbeing stuck on a pole by the Igorot. Lam-ang was furious when he learned what had happened to hisfather. He rushed to their village and killed them all, except for one whom he let go so that he could tellother people about Lam-ang's greatness.Upon returning to Nalbuan in triumph, he was bathed by women in the Amburayan river. All the fish diedbecause of the dirt and odor from Lam-ang's body.There was a young woman named Ines Kannoyan whom Lam-ang wanted to woo. She lived inCalanutian and he brought along his white rooster and gray dog to visit her. On the way, Lam-ang met hisenemy Sumarang, another suitor of Ines whom he fought and readily defeated.Lam-ang found the house of Ines surrounded by many suitors all of whom were trying to catch her attention. He had his rooster crow, which caused a nearby house to fall. This made Ines look out. Hehad his dog bark and in an instant the fallen house rose up again. The girl's parents witnessed this andcalled for him. The rooster expressed the love of Lam-ang. The parents agreed to a marriage with their daughter if Lam-ang would give them a dowry valued at double their wealth. Lam-ang had no problemfulfilling this condition and he and Ines were married.It was a tradition to have a newly married man swim in the river for the rarang fish. Unfortunately, Lam-ang dove straight into the mouth of the water monster Berkakan. Ines had Marcos get his bones, whichshe covered with a piece of cloth. His rooster crowed and his dog barked and slowly the bones started tomove. Back alive, Lam-ang and his wife lived happily ever after with his white rooster and gray dog.

HINILAWOD

HINILAWOD

                Hinilawod is the oldest and longest epic poem in Panay. It is usually sung for a period of three weeks at intervals of two hours at night. It contains, in its complete form, some eighteen stories. Each story represents three generations.

                In the eastern part of what is known as the Philippines, there lived a beautiful goddess named Alunsina, goddess of the eastern sea. Alunsina fell in love with an ordinary mortal named Paubari and she married him though she knew that marriage between heavenly persons and ordinary mortals was frowned upon.

                When the marriage was discovered, Maklium-sa-t’wan, god of the plains and valleys, became angry. He vowed to make life miserable for the unfortunate couple. Together with other gods who felt insulted by the marriage, Maklium-sa-t’wan sent down raging storms and floods to the kingdom, of Paubari and Alunsina. Fortunately, Suklang Malayon, the guardian of happy homes, had warned the couple beforehand. Heeding the warning, the two fled to the top of the Madyaas Mountains and stayed there until the gods had spent their wrath.

                With the deluge over, the couple descended to the plains to live in peace and raise a family. Eventually, Alunsina gave birth to triplets. These three children grew up to become giants, all endowed with superhuman strength which they used for helping their parents and the people in outlying villages.

               

                With their coming of age, Labaw Dingin, the eldest of the three, asked his parents,

                “Respected Father, O, my Beloved Mother, I ask your permission to go and seek a loving and industrious   woman who will give me sons and daughters and who will serve you in your old age.”

                “Go, my son,” replied the two. “Bring back a woman who will be a source of happiness for all.”

               

                But bringing back the woman of his dreams was no easy task. To win his first wife, he had to vanquish Manalutad, a monster. For his second wife, he had to kill a hydra-headed giant named Sikay Padalogdog. And for his last love, Labaw Dinggin had to fight Saragnayan, the lord of darkness. For many moons they grappled with each other until Labaw Dinggin was overpowered. He was thrown into prison and there, he languished for many years until one of his children fought the lord of darkness and killed him.

                When Alunsina’s second son, Humadapnin, heard of the maltreatment suffered by his brother, he set out to punish the people of the lord of darkness. He brought with him his trusted warrior Buyong Matang-ayon. Along the way, they met a sorceress named Pinganun-Pinungganum. The Sorceress had the taken the form of a woman so beautiful that in no time, Humadapnin was bewitched. Fortunately, Buyong Matang-ayon succeeded in breaking her spell and the two were able to escape.

                Upon reaching the kingdom of Umban Pinaumbaw, they found their way blocked by a huge boulder. Because of this huge rock the people in the kingdom could not move about freely. The two friends tried to go around the boulder but it seemed that the rock grew wider with every step. They tried to climb it, but it seemed to grow higher with their every step. Seeing that the boulder could not be overcome by ordinary effort, Humadapnin put on his magic cape. Without much ado, he was able to lift the rock and put it out of the way. For thus great feat, he was awarded the hand of the princess.

                Meanwhile, Alunsina’s third son, Dumalapdap, set out to win the hand of the beautiful Lubay-Lubyok Hanginin si Mahuyok---- the goddess of the evening breeze. After several minor adventures, he finally reached the palace where she lived. But this place was guarded by ferocious monsters.

                The first was Balanakon, a two-headed monster. With the aid of a friendly dwende, Dumalapdap overcame this first foe. Hardly had he rested from this battle when a bat-like monster named Ayutang came hurtling down at him. No matter how he tried, Dumlapdap could not pierce the monster with his sword for its body was covered with thick scales. Finally, he inflicted a wound on the monster’s armpit, the only vulnerable part of the monster’s body.

Mortally wounded, Ayutang began growling in pain and gasping for breath. The earth beneath him quaked as he trashed about in agony. Suddenly, the earth split into two and swallowed up the hapless monster. The rocks in the area sank into the newly-formed sea but their surfaces stuck out and became the island of Panay.

                With his hard-earned victory, Dumalapdap returned home accompanied by the beauteous goddess of the evening breeze. Meanwhile, the newly-formed land was apportioned among the brothers. Labaw Dinggin was made the ruler of Irong-Irong (Iloilo); Humadapnin, the king of Hantique (Antique); and Dumalapdap, the lord of the Aklan region. Thereafter, Alunsina and Paubari went to live in peace atop the Madyaas Mountains.

Here is a link to one student output in Creative Writing
www.anajeanjandayan.weebly.com

Blue Ang Kobrekama ni Jake

 (Jimmy I. Alcantara) Sequel to Red and Luha ni Michael
Wala nang palabas sa TV nang dumating si Michael. Lagi lagi na lang siyang gantong oras kung umuwi. Hindi ko naman siya maaway- siya ang padre de pamilya.
    Lagi-lagi na lang siyang umaga kung umuwi. Hindi na nya napapansin na every other day ay iniiba ko ang ayos ng sala niya, ang lugar ng mini-component nya, ang bedsheets at pillow cases nya.
    Gusto ko siyang awayin pero nasa ibaba pa siya, at nagkakalampagan ang mga plato at mga kubyertos. Hindi pa siya kumakain, isip isip ko. May nabasag na isang baso, isang plato. Binaba ko siya- hawak niya ang refrigerator. Wala akong masabi, iyak siya ng iyak.
    "Mike, kumain ka na, ipinagluto kita ng tinola. Hindi niya ako pinapansin, kumuha siya ng kutsilyo at sinubukang bakbakin ang balat ng ref. Hindi pa siya nakuntentyo. Humanap sya ng sandpaper at kiniskis sa ang pinto nito. Naawa ako sa kanya kaya kinuha ko ang kutsilyo at ang sandpaper. Dinala ko siya sa sala; amoy alak si Michael. Sabi niya: "Bukas aayusin natin ang kulay ng bahay. Ayoko ng gantong buhay."
    Niyakap ko siya. Noong isang buwan bumili ako ng pintura sa Cubao. Sa gusto kong pasayahin at sorpresahin siya, pinintahan ko ng pula ang ref. Nakakapraning ang amoy ng scarlet Aluminium paint kaya pati ang cupboard, lababo, lampshade, airport hanggang sa ceiling fan at TV pinasadahan ko rin. Mike, hindi na uli ako bibili ng pulang pintura. Kahit ngayon na wala nang laman ang lata. Wala nang laman ang lata, Mike naririnig mo ba?
    Bago sya nahiga ay pinunasan ko siya. Habang pinapahiran ko ng pulbos ang dibdib niya ay sinabi kong nakakalungkot ang maghapong mag-isa sa bahay. Umasim ang mukha ni Mike pero hindi niya pinahalata. Hindi kami pwedeng magkaanak. Baog si Mike. at Flip naman ako. Parusa ng Diyos sa amin. Mag si-six years na kameng live-in pero wala pa rin kaming balak magpakasal.
    Kinabukasan sa harap ng almusal ay sinabi niya. "Ampon tayo, gusto mo?"
    "Gusto mo?" sabi ko.
    Tumango siya, "Sige, ampon tayo."
    Hindi makaksama si Mike ng araw na kukunin ko ang bata. May projects sila sa opisina at kailangang nandoon siya sa presentation nito. Ako ang nag-drive sa kanya pagpasok niya. Dumiretso ako sa Quezon city.
    Hindi kalakihan ang ampunan pero malinis at de-aircon. Kinausap ko ang namamahala. Sandali lang at binigay na ang bata at iniwan ang inaasahang iiwan ko. Inilagay ko ang bata sa gilid ko. Sa bahay, inihiga ko siya sa matagal nang nakahandang kama para sa kanya. Blue ang kulay ng kobrekama.
    Cute na cute ang baby- kulot ang buhok niya at ang taba- ang sarap sarap pisilin. Maputi siya, parang si Michael. Matutuwa si Mike sa anak niya, lalake kasi tulad ng gusto niya.
    Ano ang ipapangalan namin sayo baby? GUsto mo ba ng Jake? Kami na ang mga magulang mo, baby. Palalakihin ka namin, pagaaralin ka namin. Tanggapin mo, kami na ang mga magulang mo. Isipin mo mula ka sa amin. Palpak kasi kami. Oo syempre naman anak, mahal ka namin.
    Umiiyak na ang bata, gutom na siguro. Nagtimpla ako ng gatas at ibinigay sa kanya. Hindi man lang niya nakalahati ang bote. Gusto lang sigurong maglambing. Kinarga ko siya, inugoy ugoy ko at huminto siya sa pag-iyak. Nakakatulog na siya nang maramdaman ko ang pagbukas ng pinto sa ibaba. Nariyan na si Mike. Dali dali kong inilapag ang bata sa kama at lumipad pababa sa kinaroroonan ni Mike.
    "Mike! Mike! Nandito na ang bata. Kamukha mo, halika, tiyak na matutuwa ka!"
    Nagmamadaling pumanhik si Mike. Mabilis niyang binuksan ang pinto. Tuwang tuwa si Mike. Sa tuwa niya, naiyak siya. Lumabas siya ng kuwarto at nagkulong sa CR.
    Inabot si Mike ng dalawang oras sa toilet. Na-upset siguro siya dahil ang batang iyon ang isang palatandaan ng mga pagkukulang namin bilang magasawa.
    Pero, eto na ang bata, Mike. E ano kung hindi siya sa atin? Sa atin na siya ngayon. Anak na natin siya. Magulang na niya tayo.
    Hindi kumain ng hapunan si Mike. Hindi ko rin siya namalayan nang humiga siya sa kama. Nagising nalang ako sa pagbali-balikwas niya. Gising si Mike at ayaw niyang magsalita.
    Nararamdaman kong umiiyak na ang bata. Akmang tatayo ako nang nagsalita si Mike.
    "Ricky isoli mo siya, hindi natin kailangn ng kasama."
    Hindi ko siya iniintindi. Nagdadrama nanaman si Mike.
    "Nagugutom na ang anak mo. Heto ang unan mo. 'Wag mo nang pasakitin ang iyong ulo, bukas maguusap tayo."
    Binuksan ko ang ilaw at lumipat sa kinaroroonan ng bata. Hinawakan ko siya. Tuyo pa rin ang lampin niya. Nagtimpla ako ng gatas at ibinigay ko ito sa kanya. Binuhat ko siya, inilagay sa dibdib ko at inugoy-ugoy.
    Nakatitig si Mike, umaapoy ang mata.
    "Bagay na bagay sa iyo, para kang tarantado."
    "Ano ba ang problema, Mike? Di ba sabi mo'y okay ang bata sa bahay? Ngayon, bakit ka nag-iingay?"
    Galit na galit na si Mike, nagbabanta na. Ayos na raw ang mga maleta niya, at ngayon tiyak nang aalis siya. Nagmumura na si Mike. Natatakot na ako sa kanya. Diyos ko, huwag mong sabihing nababaliw na rin si Mike, huwag mong sabihing nahawaan ko na siya. Diyos ko, tama na ang isang flip sa panilya. Tumayo si Mike, nagbabasag na ng gamit. Ibinato niya doon, ang iyon dito. Hagis ng ano, pukol ng ano. Kipkip ko ang baby ko ng tumatakbo ako palabas ng kwarto. Baka kung ano pa ang gawin niya sa baby ko. Lumipad ako papunta sa guest room. Humabol si Mike, pero naging mas mabilis ako sa kanya. Ini-lock ko ang pinto. Tinawag ko ang lahat ng santong kakilala ko para kalmahin si Mike. Itinulak niya ang pinto. Madaling bumigay ang binubukbok na pinto. Sa lakas ng pagkakasalya ni Mike ay muntik nang magiba ng dingding at haligi ng bahay.
    Surrender na ako, Mike, do whatever you want.
    BUmukas ang pinto. Umaapoy pa rin ang mga mata ni Mike. Pero ano ito? Umiiyak na sa galit si Mike.
    "This is it! I've had it Ricky. Hindi na ito anxiety, this insanity"
    Hindi ko siya mainitindihan, magaling na ako. THere's nothing wrong with me.Si Mike ang nababaliw. Yakap-yakap ko ang baby ko. Nalilito ako. Anong nangyayari satin Michael?
    Kinuha ni Mike ang anak ko. ayoko! Huwag mo siyang gagalawin, bata pa siya, wala pa siyang alam. Ihahagis niya ang baby ko. Huwag! Huwag Mike!!!
Mamamatay ang bata!! Ibinato niya ang anak ko sa sahig.
    Mike, hayop ka! Pag namatay ang baby ko, sino pa ang kasama ko sa bahay mo?
    "Tatawagan ko si Marvin. Were both taking you in," ang sabi ng walang pusong si Mike. Lumabas siya.
    Pinuntahan ko ang anak ko. Gas gas ang mukha. Dumilat ka, baby. Sabihin mong mahal mo ang daddy. Niyakap ko sya. Dumilat ka baby, say how much you love your daddy. Hinimas ko ang likod niya- Labas ang buto. Hindi, may kung anong lumawit lang.
    Nangiti ako. Ibinalik ko ang baterya sa dating ayos.**

Red ang Luha Ni Michael

Jimmy Alcantara (After Edsa)

Michael and I were meant to be together.Tumira sa iisang komunidad sa Butuan, magkaeskuwela mula prep school hanggang kolehiyo, lumaki na pareho ang barkada, nagsosyo sa bawat stick ng yosi at sa bawat piraso ng french bread, pan de sal at pan de coo, at kung minsan sa bawat bilog, lapad at cuatro cantos. Kaya walang nagulat nang isang mahalumigmig at makulimlim na agosto, magkasama kaming "lumaya" sa Agusan del Norte. Limang libo, trancript of records at sense of adventure ang bulsa-bulsa namin papuntang Maynila. Pagkatapos ng anim na taon ng iba't ibang komedya, trahedya at melodrama, magkasama pa rin kami. Sa isang sulok ng quezon City kami umupa ng apartment-dalawang kuwarto, three-five. Hati na naman kami s lahat: renta, pagkain, bayad sa tubig, ilaw, telepono. Aking ang sala set, kanya ang kama; akin ang TV, kanya ang ref; akin ito, kanya 'yun. At pag naghiwalay kami, siyempre naman, kanya-kanyang hula ng gamit. Malabo ang relasyon namin-magkaibigan, mag-asawa, magsyota, magkakilala. Kaya siguro di kami nagpakasal at di rin kami nag-anak. Pero di kami apektado kung di man ma-define ang relasyon namin. Yuppy ang gimik ni mike. Nagtatrabaho siya sa personnel department ng isang ad agency sa Vito Cruz. Wala akong trabaho. Hindi, nawlan ako ng trabaho. Huwag na anting pag-usapan ang nangyari sa CCP. Di raw nila kailangan ang "nahihibang" na production designer. Masisira raw ang mga dula at musikal nila. Gago raw ang mga kulay at konsepto ko. Kapag ganitong wla akong trabaho, solo ko siyempre ang mga gawaing bahay. Linis, luto, laba, plantsa. Isang makulit at mainit na Lunes ng umaga, sa harap ng pinagbuhusan ko ng atnsiyon at pawis na omelet at bagong pigang orange juice, nagbubuntung-hininga si Mike at, "sa init ngayon, natutusta ang utak ko at maalala ko, kinakalawang na ang ref, pag may bisita tayo, gusto kong magtago sa aparador." Napangiti ao. Ito na ang pagkakataon para soorpresahin si Mike. No, di ako bibili ng bagong ref. Babaguhin ko lang ang kulay! Marumihin ang puti, vile naman ang brown. Pula! Tama, scarlet red. Magugustuhan niya. Madrama ang pula, may landi. Minsan morbid perso kadalasan, romantic. Masisiyahan siya. Ako na rin ang magpipinta. Gagawin kong isang obra-maestra ang ref. Sa isang tindahan sa Cubao bumili ako ng malaking lata ng Scarlet aluminum paint. Di ko alam kung pwede 'yun sa ref, pero kinuha ko na rin. At isinama ko na rin ang isang brush na katamtaman ang laki para kontrolado ang pagpahid. Kaya pagpask ni Mike sa trabaho ng Biyernes na iyon, hinarap ko na ang ref. Binakbak ko ang lumang balat nito. Binuksan ko ang lata ng pintura at hinalo ang parang likido ayon sa direksyon. At binanatan ko na. Ang ganda ng kinalabsan. Perfect ang first coatinh. Bagay na bagay ang kulay. At natakpan ang dumi at iba pang lumang pinturang di natanggal sa ref. Naaliw ako ng husto s aginawa ko, kaya di ko na hinitay na matuyo ang unang coating bago pahiran uli. At para makasiguro na di mababakbak ang pintura, pinahiran ko pa ng isa. At ngayon ko na-realize na dry ang itsura ng kusina, walang dating. Suinimulankong pasadahan ang mga cupboards. Kaya lang, natuluan ang lababo, itinuloy ko na rin ang pagpinta rito. Ilang pahiran lang, bagung-bago na ang mukha ng kusina-intense. Di na ako nakapagpigil. Nang mapuno ang sahig ng kusina ng mga pulang polka dots, napagpasiyahan kong gawing maliliit na puso ang mga ito. To relieve the monotonous squareness of the tiles kung baga. Tutal narumihan na ang kamay ko at bukas na ang lata, naggalugad ako sa loob ng bahay ng puwede pang mapinturahan. dali-dali kong hinarap ang nangungupas na lampshade, ang miniature na modelo ng eiffel Tower, ang frame ng isang pekeng Monet, ang mga paso at dahon ng palmera, airpot, pati na ang tsinelas ni Mike sa loob ng bahay. Naa-addict na ako sa ginagawa ko. pero nang makita ko ang itsure ng pinto ng bahay, di ko napaglabanan ang tukso. Kulay dilaw na brown na puti ang kulay ng pinto. Ilang pahiran lang at nawala ang ambiguity nito. Pagkatapos ng pinto, naisip ko: "Ayoko na, tama na." Pero di siguro magandang tingnan na isang picture frame lang ng bahay ang kulay pala, kaya pinintahan ko ang lahat. Ilang minuto ako sa ceiling fan. And dutsa sa kubeta at ang mga gripo, nag-improve mula sa walang kalatuy-latoy sa silver. Habang pinapasadahan ko ang gilid ng TV, nahulog ang brush sa saliwang sapatos long de-goma. Itinuloy ko na rin ang pagpipinta sa sapatos-sa isang paa lnag. Parang si Tom Hanks sa Man with one red shoe. Pagkatapos ng konting pahiran sa radyo, determinado akong huminto-sa sandaling lagyan ng glamour ang mg athor pillows. Kaya lang, natilamsikan ang rug. I'm sure, masisiyahan kayong malaman na maganda ang pagkaka-absorb ng rug sa pintura. Di ko alam kng iyon ay dahil sa kalidad ng pintura o ng rug. Pumanhik ako sa kuwarto at hinarap ang mga aparador. Binuksan ang isa. Pinasadahan ko ang mga bag at sinturon ni Mike at ilan sa mga attché cases ko. Bumaba ako at lumabas sa garden at piniturahan ko ang mga pas, ang mga dahon ng san francisco at gumawa ng kauna-unahang pulang sampaguita. Nasa kalagitnaan ako ng pagpipinta sa telepono nang may kumatok. Si Mike! Binuksan ko ang pinto. Di si Mike. "Sulat galing sa Butuan. Sino si Mike Fernan? galing sa isang joan." Inabot ko ang sulat. Maputla ang kulay ng kartero, kulang sa buhay. Pinahiran ko ang mukha niya ng konting pintura para di naman siya mukhang anemic. Di yata naintindihan ng mama ang gusto kong palabasin at nagtatakbo itong humihiyaw. Habang pinipintahan ko ang dingding ng sala para ibaay sa bagong personalidad ng bahay, bumukas ang pinto ng bumulaga si Mike. "Ipagpaumanhin ninyo," sabi niya, "nagkamali ako. Akala ko'y ito ang bahay ko at ikaw ang Ricky ko." Hinawakan niya ang pulang doorknob at lalabas na sana nang pigilan ko siya. "Mike, ako ang Ricky mo. Di ka ba nasorpresa, ref mo'y iba na?" Di lang siya nasorpresa, nagulantang pa siya. Doon na raw muna siya sa kaibigan niya sa Fairview. Iiwan na raw niya sa akin ang ref niya, ang kama niya, ang ito niya, ang iyon niya. aalis na raw siya at di sigurado kug babalik-pero di pa siya makaalis kasi'y basa pa ng pintura ang mga maleta niya. Di malaman ang gagawin, bumigay ang tear ducts niya. "Totoo ngang nababaliw ka na. Sabi mo'y matino ka na. Ibabalik uli kita sa basement. Sana'y gumaling ka na. Ayoko kasing mag-isa." Wala akong nasabi at sa isang mahinay na unday, pinitahan ko ang mga luha niya ng pula. naubos ang laman ng lata.

LIT 1 Course Outline

LITERATURE 1
Intro to Literature with  Philippine Literature

This course aims to introduce students to the study of different literary forms and genres exemplified from various regions of the Philippines written at different periods in Philippines. This course also provides opportunities to students to help them appreciate and understand Literature in general. Activities are prepared to cater to student’s further improvement in the skills in reading, listening, speaking and writing.

References

Aguilar, Celedenio G. Readings in Philippine Literature. Rex Book Store1994.

David-Maramba, Asuncion. Philippine Contemporary Literature in English and Filipino. Bookmark Inc., Makati City. 1990.

Ferdilyn C. Lacio et.al.. 2008. The Literature of the Philippines (Revised Edition). Rex

Saba,T.et.al. A worktext in English 5-Philippine Literature. Liceo de Cagayan University.

Literature defined. 1.  Importance of Literature 2.  Literature and Its History 3.  Literary Compositions that have influenced the World 4.  Qualities and Genres  of Literature The Pre-Colonial Times 1.  Historical Background 2.  Genres  of Literature The Poetry 1.  Definition 2.  Types of Poetry 3.  Figurative Expressions 4.  Denotation and Connotation Selected Pieces 1. Tungkong Langit and Alunsina 2. Bi-ag ni Lam-ang 3. Hinilawod 4. Indarapatra at Sulayman 5. Chit-chirit-chit 6. Ang Huling El Bimbo 7. The Ignorant Poor Man

The Prose 1. Definition and Importance 2. Types of Prose The Short Story 1.  Definition and Importance 2.  Elements of Short Story 3.  Types and Qualities of Character Portrayal 4.  Meaning and Message in Themes 5.  Symbolism The Spanish Colonization 1. Historical Background:komedya, the sinakulo, the sarswela Selected Pieces 1. Mi Ultimo Adios 2. Two letters of Urbana and Feliza 3. Si Miss Phathupats 5. The Lover's Death 4. Ang Dapat Mabatid ng mga Tagalog 6. Holy Passion of Our Lord Jesus Christ in Verse

The Essay 1. What is an Essay? 2. Elements of an Essay The Novel 1. What is a Novel? 2. Elements of a Novel The American Colonial Period 1. Historical Background Selected Pieces 1. Dead Stars 2. The Fence 3. Footnote to Youth 4. How My Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife. 5. Bayan Ko 6. My Father Goes To Court 7. The Small Key 8. On the Road to Edsa Requirements 1.        E-mail address 2.        Quizzes and Group Oral Presentation 3.        Term Exams 4.        Film Analysis 5.        Essays and Literary Critique 6.        Teaching Demonstration

The Drama 1.   Types of Drama / Play 2.  Elements of Drama Literature Under the Republic 1. Historical Background 2. Famous Authors Literature After EDSA 1. Famous Authors Modern Literature of the Philippines 1. Famous Authors Selected Pieces 1. The Nanking Store 2. Hidden Injuries of the Poor 3. The Crown Jewels of Heezenhurst 4. The Emperor's New Underwear 5. Red ang Luha ni Michael

HINILAWOD

a Panay epic 

Hinilawod is the oldest and longest epic poem in Panay. It is usually sung for a period of three weeks at intervals of two hours at night. It contains, in its complete form, some eighteen stories. Each story represents three generations.

In the eastern part of what is known as the Philippines, there lived a beautiful goddess named Alunsina, goddess of the eastern sea. Alunsina fell in love with an ordinary mortal named Paubari and she married him though she knew that marriage between heavenly persons and ordinary mortals was frowned upon.

When the marriage was discovered, Maklium-sa-t’wan, god of the plains and valleys, became angry. He vowed to make life miserable for the unfortunate couple. Together with other gods who felt insulted by the marriage, Maklium-sa-t’wan sent down raging storms and floods to the kingdom, of Paubari and Alunsina.

Fortunately, Suklang Malayon, the guardian of happy homes, had warned the couple beforehand. Heeding the warning, the two fled to the top of the Madyaas Mountains and stayed there until the gods had spent their wrath.

With the deluge over, the couple descended to the plains to live in peace and raise a family. Eventually, Alunsina gave birth to triplets. These three children grew up to become giants, all endowed with superhuman strength which they used for helping their parents and the people in outlying villages.

With their coming of age, Labaw Dingin, the eldest of the three, asked his parents, “Respected Father, O, my Beloved Mother, I ask your permission to go and seek a loving and industrious woman who will give me sons and daughters and who will serve you in your old age.”

“Go, my son,” replied the two. “Bring back a woman who will be a source of happiness for all.”

But bringing back the woman of his dreams was no easy task. To win his first wife, he had to vanquish Manalutad, a monster. For his second wife, he had to kill a hydra-headed giant named Sikay Padalogdog. And for his last love, Labaw Dinggin had to fight Saragnayan, the lord of darkness. For many moons they grappled with each other until Labaw Dinggin was overpowered. He was thrown into prison and there, he languished for many years until one of his children fought the lord of darkness and killed him.

When Alunsina’s second son, Humadapnin, heard of the maltreatment suffered by his brother, he set out to punish the people of the lord of darkness. He brought with him his trusted warrior Buyong Matang-ayon. Along the way, they met a sorceress named Pinganun-Pinungganum. The Sorceress had the taken the form of a woman so beautiful that in no time, Humadapnin was bewitched. Fortunately, Buyong Matang-ayon succeeded in breaking her spell and the two were able to escape.

Upon reaching the kingdom of Umban Pinaumbaw, they found their way blocked by a huge boulder. Because of this huge rock the people in the kingdom could not move about freely. The two friends tried to go around the boulder but it seemed that the rock grew wider with every step. They tried to climb it, but it seemed to grow higher with their every step. Seeing that the boulder could not be overcome by ordinary effort, Humadapnin put on his magic cape. Without much ado, he was able to lift the rock and put it out of the way. For thus great feat, he was awarded the hand of the princess.

Meanwhile, Alunsina’s third son, Dumalapdap, set out to win the hand of the beautiful Lubay-Lubyok Hanginin si Mahuyok---- the goddess of the evening breeze. After several minor adventures, he finally reached the palace where she lived. But this place was guarded by ferocious monsters.

The first was Balanakon, a two-headed monster. With the aid of a friendly dwende, Dumalapdap overcame this first foe. Hardly had he rested from this battle when a bat-like monster named Ayutang came hurtling down at him. No matter how he tried, Dumlapdap could not pierce the monster with his sword for its body was covered with thick scales. Finally, he inflicted a wound on the monster’s armpit, the only vulnerable part of the monster’s body.

Mortally wounded, Ayutang began growling in pain and gasping for breath. The earth beneath him quaked as he trashed about in agony. Suddenly, the earth split into two and swallowed up the hapless monster. The rocks in the area sank into the newly-formed sea but their surfaces stuck out and became the island of Panay.

With his hard-earned victory, Dumalapdap returned home accompanied by the beauteous goddess of the evening breeze. Meanwhile, the newly-formed land was apportioned among the brothers. Labaw Dinggin was made the ruler of Irong-Irong (Iloilo); Humadapnin, the king of Hantique (Antique); and Dumalapdap, the lord of the Aklan region. Thereafter, Alunsina and Paubari went to live in peace atop the Madyaas Mountains.

Life was Good, but then Everything Started Falling Apart

by Frank Krause

I'd like to tell you that what you’re about to read is really important and is going to impact your life. The truth is, I'm probably not going to tell you anything you haven't heard before, but let me encourage you to read it anyway.

Raised in a Christian Home
I was raised on a dairy farm in the Fraser Valley along with five sisters and one brother. It was a beautiful, quiet place. As a preschooler, I often took our dog along the creek to fish over the hill at the back of our property. My parents always taught me about God and his Son Jesus, so as I walked, I would often think about God. Was He bigger than my dad? How long was forever - longer than a Sunday morning service?

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The Frog in the Well

There was a frog that lived in a shallow well.

" Look how well off I am here ! " he told a big turtle from the Eastern Ocean. " I can hop along the coping of the well when I go out, and rest by a crevice in the bricks on my return. I can wallow to my heart's content with only my head above water, or stroll ankle deep through soft mud. No crabs or tadpoles can compare with me. I am master of the water and lord of this shallow well, What more can  a fellow ask ? Why don't you come here more often to have a good time ? "

Before the turtle from the Eastern Ocean could get his left foot into the well, however, he caught his right calw on something. So he halted and stepped back then began to describe the ocean to the frog.

" It's more than a thousand miles across and more than ten thousand feet deep. In ancient times there were floods nine years out of ten yet the water in the ocean never increased.

And later there were droughts seven years out of eight yet the water in the ocean never grew less. It has remained quite constant throughtout the ages. That is why I like to live in the Eastern Ocean. " 

Then the frog in the shallow well was silent and felt a little abashed.

Speech Communication Process

“The words you speak are reflections of your personality.”Anonymous

Man is a social being. Each has to get along with people every day. It is your ability to communicate that makes you different from all other living things. It is instrument for human interaction. It is your means of understanding, your tool for communicating with your fellow human beings.

 You communicate so much. You listen, speak, read and write every day. Of all these activities, it is in speaking where you are engaged more often. At least 60% of your active hours is spent in speaking. (Tan, 1997). You communicate with your parents, brothers, sisters, jeepney drivers, teachers, classmates and friends. For example, you start your day by asking allowance from your parents. In school, you ask your classmates some assistance in mathematics. Inside the classroom, you have to answer the question of your teachers.

Communication, therefore, is indispensible to you. Since communication is very much part of your life, you have to use it effectively.

Functions of Communication

1.        Speech communication connects one person with another.

2.        Speech communication develops high mental processes.

3.        Speech communication regulates speech itself.

4.        Speech communication as an important factor in the preservation of one’s heritage.

Nature of Speech Communication

Latin = communicare- which means to make common

Communication is the process of understanding and sharing meaning. Communication is considered a process because it is an activity, exchange, or set of behavior, not an unchanging static product. It is an activity in which we participate. Communication requires understanding. People involved in communication must understand what they are saying and hearing.

                Communication involves sharing. Sharing is a gift that people exchange. The sharing that occurs in communication is not necessarily a totally positive experience. We must remember that it can also be neutral and even negative. In the process of communication, the object of our understanding and sharing is meaning. The term meaning refers to that which is felt to be significance of something and is a more accurate and useful description of the object of communication.

Characteristics of Speech Communication

1.        Speech is Purposive

2.        Speech Communication involves Interaction

3.        Speech Communication is Transitory

4.        Speech Communication occurs in Specific Settings

5.        Speech Communication is Influenced by the fields of Experience of the Speaker.

6.        Speech Communication does not contain the Usual Cues of Writing.

Types and Level of Communication

1.        Intrapersonal Communication Process

This refers to the communication process that operates within the communicator. This range from simple thinking, meditating, reflecting or talking to oneself.

2.        Interpersonal Communication

This is the transactional process of exchanging a message. This is between people. This usually but not always, occurs face to face.

a.        Dyadic Communication

b.        Small Group Communication

c.        Public Communication

Communication Process and the Key Elements:

A. Sender – The communicator or sender is the person who is sending the message. There are two factors that will determine how effective the communicator will be. The first factor is the communicator’s attitude. It must be positive. The second factor is the communicator’s selection of meaningful symbols, or selecting the right symbols depending on your audience and the right environment.

Question: Name some of the ways we communicate.

B. Message – A communication in writing, in speech, or by signals

C. Receiver – The receiver is simply the person receiving the message,

making sense of it, or understanding and translating it into meaning. Now think about this for a moment: the receiver is also a communicator. How can that be? (When receiver responds, he is then the communicator.) Communication is only successful when the reaction of the receiver is that which the communicator intended. Effective communication takes place with shared meaning and understanding.

D. Feedback – Feedback is that reaction I just mentioned. It can be a verbal or nonverbal reaction or response. It can be external feedback (something we see) or internal feedback (something we can’t see), like self-examination. It’s the feedback that allows the communicator to adjust his message and be more effective.Without feedback, there would be no way of knowing if meaning had been shared or if understanding had taken place. Communicating is not an isolated series of one skill, it involves several skills. For example, speaking involves not only getting your message across but also being able to listen and understand what others are saying (active listening) and observing the verbal and nonverbal clues in order to monitor the effectiveness of your message.

Barriers of Communication

Have you ever been talking to someone and they misunderstand what you were saying? Why do you think that happens? (Give learners the opportunity to share their experiences.) At any point in the communication process a barrier can occur. Barriers keep us from understanding other’s ideas and thoughts. Barriers can appear at any point of the communication  loop.  There are two types of barriers—internal and external. Examples of internal barriers are fatigue, poor listening skills, attitude toward the sender or the information, lack of interest in the message, fear, mistrust, past experiences, negative attitude, problems at home, lack of common experiences, and emotions. Examples of external barriers include noise, distractions, e-mail not working, bad phone connections, time of day, sender used too many technical words for the audience, and environment. Barriers keep the message from getting through. When communicating, watch out for barriers. Monitor the actions of the receiver. Watch her body language; check to make sure the message the receiver received is the one sent—ask questions and listen.

Environmental factors

Communication can be influenced by environmental factors that have nothing to do with the content of the message.  Some of these factors are:

• the nature of the room, how warm it is, smoke, comfort of the chair, etc
• outside distractions, what is going on in the area.
• the reputation/credibility of the speaker/writer.
• the appearance, style or authority of the speaker.
• listener's education, knowledge of the topic, etc.
• the language, page layout, design of the message.

People remember:

• 10% of what they read
• 20% of what they hear
• 30% of what they see
• 40% of what they hear and see